PSG has now won the season-opening cup on fourteen different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown between the French league champions and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side fired two times late to take a surprise lead. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the dying seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 shootout victory.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past 13 seasons.